在秒杀，抢购等并发场景下，可能会出现超卖的现象，在PHP语言中并没有原生提供并发的解决方案，因此就需要借助其他方式来实现并发控制。
一、利用 Redis 事务特征

set(array(
  'reactor_num' => 2, //reactor thread num
  'worker_num' => 4  //worker process num
));

$http->on('request', function (swoole_http_request $request, swoole_http_response $response) {
  $uniqid = uniqid('uid-', TRUE);  // 模拟唯一用户ID
  $redis = new Redis();
  $redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);  // 连接 redis

  $redis->watch('rest_count'); // 监测 rest_count 是否被其它的进程更改

  $rest_count = intval($redis->get("rest_count")); // 模拟唯一订单ID
  if($rest_count > 0){
    $value = "{$rest_count}-{$uniqid}"; // 表示当前订单，被当前用户抢到了

    // do something ... 主要是模拟用户抢到单后可能要进行的一些密集运算
    $rand = rand(100, 1000000);
    $sum=0;
    for ($i=0;$i<$rand;$i++){ $sum+=$i; }

   // redis 事务
    $redis->multi();
    $redis->lPush('uniqids', $value);
    $redis->decr('rest_count');
    $replies = $redis->exec(); // 执行以上 redis 事务

   // 如果 rest_count 的值被其它的并发进程更改了，以上事务将回滚
    if(!$replies){
      echo "订单 {$value} 回滚".PHP_EOL;
    }
  }
  $redis->unwatch();
});

$http->start();



$ ab -t 20 -c 10 http://192.168.1.104:9509/
二、利用文件排他锁(阻塞模式)

set(array(
  'reactor_num' => 2, //reactor thread num
  'worker_num' => 4  //worker process num
));

$http->on('request', function (swoole_http_request $request, swoole_http_response $response) {

  $uniqid = uniqid('uid-', TRUE);
  $redis = new Redis();
  $redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);

  $fp = fopen("lock.txt", "w+");

  // 阻塞(等待)模式， 要取得独占锁定（写入的程序）
  if(flock($fp,LOCK_EX))  //锁定当前指针
  {
   // 成功取得锁后，放心处理订单
    $rest_count = intval($redis->get("rest_count"));
    $value = "{$rest_count}-{$uniqid}";
    if($rest_count > 0){
      // do something ...
      $rand = rand(100, 1000000);
      $sum=0;
      for ($i=0;$i<$rand;$i++){ $sum+=$i; }

      $redis->lPush('uniqids', $value);
      $redis->decr('rest_count');
    }

   // 订单处理完成后，再释放锁
    flock($fp,LOCK_UN);
  }
  fclose($fp);

});

$http->start();



$ ab -t 20 -c 10 http://192.168.1.104:9510/
三、利用文件排他锁(非阻塞模式)

set(array(
  'reactor_num' => 2, //reactor thread num
  'worker_num' => 4  //worker process num
));

$http->on('request', function (swoole_http_request $request, swoole_http_response $response) {

  $uniqid = uniqid('uid-', TRUE);
  $redis = new Redis();
  $redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);

  $fp = fopen("lock.txt", "w+");

  // 非阻塞模式， 如果不希望 flock() 在锁定时堵塞，则给 lock 加上 LOCK_NB
  if(flock($fp,LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB))  //锁定当前指针
  {
   // 成功取得锁后，放心处理订单
    $rest_count = intval($redis->get("rest_count"));
    $value = "{$rest_count}-{$uniqid}";
    if($rest_count > 0){
      // do something ...
      $rand = rand(100, 1000000);
      $sum=0;
      for ($i=0;$i<$rand;$i++){ $sum+=$i; }

      $redis->lPush('uniqids', $value);
      $redis->decr('rest_count');
    }

   // 订单处理完成后，再释放锁
    flock($fp,LOCK_UN);
  } else {
   // 如果获取锁失败，马上进入这里执行
    echo "{$uniqid} - 系统繁忙，请稍后再试".PHP_EOL;
  }
  fclose($fp);

});

$http->start();



$ ab -t 20 -c 10 http://192.168.1.104:9511/

......
Concurrency Level:   10
Time taken for tests:  20.005 seconds
Complete requests:   17537
Failed requests:    0
Total transferred:   2578380 bytes
HTML transferred:    0 bytes
Requests per second:  876.62 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:    11.407 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:    1.141 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:     125.86 [Kbytes/sec] received
......

......
Concurrency Level:   10
Time taken for tests:  20.003 seconds
Complete requests:   8205
Failed requests:    0
Total transferred:   1206282 bytes
HTML transferred:    0 bytes
Requests per second:  410.19 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:    24.379 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:    2.438 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:     58.89 [Kbytes/sec] received
......

......
Concurrency Level:   10
Time taken for tests:  20.002 seconds
Complete requests:   8616
Failed requests:    0
Total transferred:   1266846 bytes
HTML transferred:    0 bytes
Requests per second:  430.77 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:    23.214 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:    2.321 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:     61.85 [Kbytes/sec] received
......


经测试结果对比，redis 事务方式优于文件排他锁方式，而文件排他锁方式中，非阻塞模式优于阻塞模式。

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