数据库赋权">1. 数据库赋权
进入mysql数据库：
mysql> use mysql;
给root用户设置新密码：
mysql> update user set password=password("新密码") where user="root";
刷新数据库
mysql> flush privileges;
nagios监控
mysql> GRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'nagiosshow'@'10.172.172.12' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*79B36E3D5F430AF5B15934D61D71C031B6502834';
查看用户信息
use mysql;
select User,Host,Password from user;
查看用户权限
show grants for root@'localhost';
删除用户
delete user form user where Host='xxxx' and User='xxxx';
2. 新建数据库
查看已有用户：
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select Host,User,Password from user;
新建数据库
CREATE DATABASE marketing_base DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
新建用户并赋权
grant all privileges on marketing_base.* to dysql@'%' identified by '1Qaz2wsx';
mysql -uroot -p123456 --default-character-set=gb2312 test3. 导出数据库
导出数据时排除某些表的数据
可以运行两条命令，可以一起运行。
首先导出表结构：
mysqldump -uxxx -p -d db_name > db_name.sql
然后导出你要的数据：
mysqldump -uxxx -p dbname --ignore-table=test.t --ignore-table=test.t1 ...>>test.sql;
仅导出数据库的数据：
mysqldump -uxxx -p -t db_name > db_data.sql
注：--ignore-table=xx “=” 左右不能有空格。
导出数据库包含pos、file值
mysqldump -uroot --quick --flush-logs --master-data=1 -p ryp1_production > ryp1_production20140924.sql
4. 导出表结构
命令行下具体用法如下：
mysqldump -u用戶名 -p密码 -d 数据库名 表名 > 脚本名;
导出整个数据库结构和数据
mysqldump -h localhost -uroot -p123456 database > dump.sql
导出单个数据表结构和数据
mysqldump -h localhost -uroot -p123456 database table > dump.sql
导出整个数据库结构（不包含数据）
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -d entrym> dump.sql
导出单个数据表结构（不包含数据）
mysqldump -h localhost -uroot -p123456 -d database table > dump.sql
字段分隔符
mysqldump -uroot -p hsb MERCHANT_INFO --tab="/tmp/" --fields-terminated-by="#;@"
mysql> select * into outfile '/tmp/CASH_USE_INFO.sql' FIELDS TERMINATED BY '#;@' from CASH_USE_INFO;
mysql> select * into outfile '/tmp/MERCHANT_ORDER.sql' FIELDS TERMINATED BY '#;@' from MERCHANT_ORDER where MERCHANT_ID in(select ID from MERCHANT_INFO);
导出存储过程
mysqldump -u 数据库用户名 -p -n -t -d -R 数据库名 > 文件名
5. 主从同步设置
主数据库
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'backup'@'192.168.252.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
mysql> show master status\G
从数据库
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.252.150', master_user='backup', master_password='123456', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003', master_log_pos=107;
mysql> start slave;
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
6. 查看数据库大小
进入information_schema数据库（存放了其他的数据库的信息）
use information_schema;
查询所有数据的大小：
select concat(round(sum(data_length/1024/1024),2),'MB') as data from tables;
查看指定数据库home的大小
select concat(round(sum(data_length/1024/1024),2),'MB') as data from tables where table_schema='home';
查看指定数据库home中 members 表的大小
select concat(round(sum(data_length/1024/1024),2),'MB') as data from tables where table_schema='home' and table_name='members';
7. 查询新建表索引
查看表是否存在索引(二选一)
show index from table_name from db_name
show index from db_name.table_name
查看表结构
desc table_name
为表字段（field_name）创建索引
create index field_name_index on table_name(field_name);
8. 外部执行sql语句
mysql -uroot -p -e “seclect * from ” > seclect.sql
9. KILL Mysql Processlist ID
#!/bin/bash
DATAFILE=`date +%Y%m%d%s`
/usr/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "select concat('KILL ',id,';') from information_schema.processlist where user='root' into outfile '/tmp/$DATAFILE.txt';"
KILLCOM=`/usr/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "source /tmp/$DATAFILE.txt"`
git fetch
1038 git merge origin/develop
10. 锁表处理
use information_schema
select * from INNODB_LOCK_WAITS
select r.trx_id as waiting_trx_id,
r.trx_mysql_thread_id as waiting_thread,
timestampdiff(second,r.trx_wait_started,current_timestamp) as wait_time,
r.trx_query as waiting_query,
l.lock_table as waiting_table_lock,
b.trx_id as blocking_trx_id,
b.trx_mysql_thread_id as blocking_thread,
substring(p.host,1,instr(p.host,':')-1) as blocking_host,
substring(p.host,instr(p.host,':')+1) as blocking_port,
if(p.command='sleep',p.time,0) as idle_in_trx,
b.trx_query as blocking_query
from information_schema.INNODB_LOCK_WAITS as w
inner join information_schema.innodb_trx as b on b.trx_id=w.blocking_trx_id
inner join information_schema.innodb_trx as r on r.trx_id=w.requesting_trx_id
inner join information_schema.INNODB_LOCKS as l on w.requested_lock_id =l.lock_id
left join information_schema.PROCESSLIST as p on p.id=b.trx_mysql_thread_id
order by wait_time desc\G;
11. 分析频繁操作的表
mysqlbinlog --no-defaults --base64-output=decode-rows -v mysql-bin.000009 | awk '/###/{if($0~/UPDATE|INSERT|DELETE/)count[$2" "$NF]++}END{for(i in count)print i,"\t",count[i]}' | column -t | sort -k3nr >>~/$$.sql & 2>/dev/null
12. 数据库分析工具
yum install percona-toolkit-2.2.8-1.noarch
pt-query-digest mysql-slow-queries_20150313.log
13. 跳过某个同步错误
slave stop;
set GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER=1;
slave start;
14. 开启慢查询日志
配置文件开启（需重启）
vi /etc/my.cnf
long_query_time = 2
log-slow-queries=/var/log/slow.log
在线开启（无需重启）
set long_query_time=2
set global slow_query_log = 1;
set global slow_query_log_file = "/var/log/slow.log";
15. 存储过程执行权限（待验证）
definer ('lpdba'@'%') 确定定义者为lpdba
grant all on mysql.* to lpdba@'%' identified by 'l1ghtp@l3';
grant execute on test.* to lpdba@'%' identified by 'l1ghtp@l3';
16. 开启事件
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'event_scheduler';
SET GLOBAL event_scheduler = ON;
17. 修改数据库触发器
查看数据库(vas_manage)的触发器创建语句
use vas_manage;
show CREATE TRIGGER before_update_game_product;
删除触发器
drop TRIGGER before_update_game_product;
创建触发器
CREATE TRIGGER before_update_game_product BEFORE UPDATE ON game_product
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF LOCATE(" ",new.game_type)>0 THEN
set NEW.game_type=REPLACE(NEW.game_type," "," ");
END if;
END
添加执行触发器权限
